An underwater cave on the Yukatan Peninsula, Mexico, is filled with a vast archeological labyrinth. Maybe it has never been found anywhere else on Earth.
Preserved in caves full of water, cenotes (natural drainage holes in Mexico) hold treasures about Mayan secrets. In addition, the discovery of this ancient artifact also reveals a more ancient prehistoric story.
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In a study, scientists reported that they had discovered the largest mine in America dating from 12 thousand years ago.
"This underwater cave is like a time capsule," said Ed Reinhardt, an experienced diver and micropaleontologist from McMaster University.
"There is clear evidence of ocher mining carried out thousands of years ago," he added.
During a dive in 2017, Reindhart and his fellow researchers explore a cave on the Quintana Roo coastline. The caves in the area are known to hold ancient skeletons of people who occupied the area thousands of years ago. Ie when the sea level is still low so the caves are still dry and easily accessible.
As to why ancient individuals entered dangerous mazes is still unclear. However, this latest discovery reveals something new.
"The landscape of the cave has changed markedly. Ancient humans probably took many ocher from there and had to light fires to light up the labyrinth, "said Fred Devos, diver and archaeologist from the Research Center of the Quintana Roo Aquifer System (CINDAQ) in Mexico.
Inside the cave, the team found a variety of evidence of ancient mining activities, including excavations, ocher extraction, navigation markers, and ancient fireplaces.
The researchers revealed evidence of mining in three of my systems that were submerged from 12 thousand to 10 thousand years ago.
Sites named La Mina, Camilo Mina and Monkey Dust may be the oldest examples of ocher mining in America. However, according to researchers, this newly discovered cave may be older, given that there is evidence of a skeleton which is 12,800 years old.
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For some reason, miners on this site stopped extracting ocher about 10,000 years ago. For the cause, researchers do not know clearly. Because, the cave was still accessible at the time.
To be sure, it takes enormous courage to dig hundreds of meters into the labyrinth of the cave with just a torch. The fact that they are willing to fight in such darkness tells us how important ocher pigments are in ancient Palaeoindian rituals and customs. They are willing to risk their lives to get it.
This discovery was reported in Science Advances.
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